
The morphology of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The autophagic vacuoles were stained with monodansylcadaverine and examined by flow cytometry. Transfection of the mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid was evaluated by confocal microscopy. The recombinant Sox8 lentiviral vector (lenti-Sox8) was applied to upregulate the expression of Sox8. MSU crystal-treated human chondrocytes were used to evaluate the function of Sox8. mRNAs of cartilage from MSU-induced gouty arthritis rat model were sequenced. This study aimed to investigate whether MSU crystal-induced cartilage impairment was related to autophagic signaling.

The deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in arthritic joints of gout seriously damages cartilage.
